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The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images below illustrate the contrast between untreated paper and paper treated using PROVENANCE technology. The evenly distributed alkaline oxide particles seen in the lower image are in the range of one micron in size. The treatment was applied to Whatman filter paper through a brief exposure to the proprietary PROVENANCE dry application technique, which requires no pre- or post-treating of the sample and involves no carrier liquids or surfactants. While Whatman paper—which provides a high purity paper substrate—was used to produce the images shown here, similar images have been prepared with newsprint and offset printing paper to verify results.
Verification of treatment distribution has also been made using SEM-EDXA (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis) techniques. The photos were prepared in cooperative research conducted with the University of California Forest Products Lab.
SEM and Micrograph Images
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"SEM image of commercial off set paper treated with alkaline oxide nanoparticles using developmental MDA treatment"
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"SEM image of untreated commercial off set printing paper"
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“Comparative images to showing treated and untreated Whatman Filter paper.”
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"Higher magnification image of nanoparticle sized alkaline oxide treatment applied onto paper surface using developmental Mass Deacidification Treatment (MDA) treatment method"
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"SEM image of Whatman untreated filter paper used as model substrate in development processes"
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“SEM image of Whatman filter paper with nonoparticle sized deacidification materials applied using developmental Mass Deacidification Treatment (MDA)"
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